Accessible Banking InformationSkip global navigational links.Go to site map.Bank of America Higher Standards Home
Printable version of the 2005 Summary Annual Report and Form 10-K
Financial Highlights Chairman's Letter How We Grow Our Businesses Form 10-K Corporate Information

2005 Summary Annual Report: Form 10-K: Credit Risk Management

Credit Risk Management


Credit risk is the risk of loss arising from a borrower’s or counterparty’s inability to meet its obligations. Credit risk can also arise from operational failures that result in an advance, commitment or investment of funds. We define the credit exposure to a borrower or counterparty as the loss potential arising from all product classifications, including loans and leases, derivatives, trading account assets, assets held-for-sale, and unfunded lending commitments that include loan commitments, letters of credit and financial guarantees. For derivative positions, our credit risk is measured as the net replacement cost in the event the counterparties with contracts in a gain position to us completely fail to perform under the terms of those contracts. We use the current mark-to-market value to represent credit exposure without giving consideration to future mark-to-market changes. The credit risk amounts take into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements. Our consumer and commercial credit extension and review procedures take into account credit exposures that are funded or unfunded. For additional information on derivatives and credit extension commitments, see Note 5 and Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.


We manage credit risk based on the risk profile of the borrower or counterparty, repayment sources, the nature of underlying collateral, and other support given current events, conditions and expectations. We classify our Loans and Leases as either consumer or commercial and monitor their credit risk separately as discussed below.

Consumer Portfolio Credit Risk Management


Credit risk management for the consumer portfolio begins with initial underwriting and continues throughout a borrower’s credit cycle. Statistical techniques are used to establish product pricing, risk appetite, operating processes and metrics to balance risks and returns. Consumer exposure is grouped by product and other attributes for purposes of evaluating credit risk. Statistical models are built using detailed behavioral information from external sources such as credit bureaus as well as internal historical experience. These models are essential to our consumer credit risk management process and are used in the determination of credit decisions, collections management strategies, portfolio management decisions, determination of the allowance for consumer loan and lease losses, and economic capital allocations for credit risk.


Table 8 presents outstanding consumer loans and leases for each year in the five-year period ending at December 31, 2005.



Table 8

Outstanding Consumer Loans and Leases


December 31

2005

2004
(Restated)

2003
(Restated)

2002
(Restated)

2001
(Restated)

(Dollars in millions) Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Residential mortgage
$ 182,596 51.3% $ 178,079 54.3%  $ 140,483 58.5%   $ 108,332 54.8%   $ 78,203 47.3%
Credit card
58,548 16.5 51,726 15.8 34,814 14.5 24,729 12.5 19,884 12.0
Home equity lines
62,098 17.5 50,126 15.3 23,859 9.9 23,236 11.8 22,107 13.4
Direct/Indirect consumer
45,490 12.8 40,513 12.3 33,415 13.9 31,068 15.7 30,317 18.4
Other consumer(1)
6,725 1.9 7,439 2.3 7,558 3.2 10,355 5.2 14,744 8.9




















Total consumer loans and leases
$ 355,457 100.0% $ 327,883 100.0% $ 240,129 100.0% $ 197,720 100.0% $ 165,255 100.0%





















Footnote (1) Includes consumer finance of $2,849 million, $3,395 million, $3,905 million, $4,438 million, and $5,331 million at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively; foreign consumer of $3,841 million, $3,563 million, $1,969 million, $1,970 million, and $2,092 million at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively; and consumer lease financing of $35 million, $481 million, $1,684 million, $3,947 million, and $7,321 million at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.

Concentrations of Consumer Credit Risk


Our consumer credit risk is diversified both geographically and through our various product offerings. In addition, credit decisions are statistically based with tolerances set to decrease the percentage of approvals as the risk profile increases.


From time to time, we purchase credit protection on certain portions of our consumer portfolio. This protection is designed to enhance our overall risk management strategy. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, we have mitigated a portion of our credit risk on approximately $110.4 billion and $88.7 billion of residential mortgage and indirect automobile loans through the purchase of credit protection. Our regulatory risk-weighted assets were reduced as a result of these transactions because we transferred a portion of our credit risk to unaffiliated parties. These transactions had the cumulative effect of reducing our risk-weighted assets by $30.6 billion and $25.5 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, and resulted in 28 bp and 26 bp increases in our Tier 1 Capital ratio.

Consumer Portfolio Credit Quality Performance


Credit quality continued to be strong and consistent with performance from a year ago with the exception of the credit card portfolio.


Managed credit card performance was impacted by increased bankruptcy filings prior to legislation which became effective October 17, 2005, continued growth and seasoning of the portfolio, and increased minimum payment requirements implemented in April 2004. The year 2005 compared to 2004 was also impacted by the FleetBoston credit card portfolio.


The entire balance of an account is contractually delinquent if the minimum payment is not received by the specified date on the customer’s billing statement. Interest and fees continue to accrue on our past due loans until the date the loan goes into nonaccrual status, if applicable. Delinquency is reported on accruing loans that are 30 days or more past due.


Credit card loans are generally charged off at 180 days past due or 60 days from notification of bankruptcy filing and are not classified as nonperforming. Unsecured consumer loans and deficiencies in non-real estate secured loans and leases are charged off at 120 days past due and are generally not classified as nonperforming. Real estate secured consumer loans are placed on nonaccrual and are classified as nonperforming no later than 90 days past due. The amount deemed uncollectible on real estate secured loans is charged off at 180 days past due.


Table 9 presents consumer net charge-offs and net charge-off ratios on the held portfolio for 2005 and 2004.


Back to Table 8

Table 9

Consumer Net Charge-offs and Net Charge-off Ratios(1)


2005

2004
(Restated)

(Dollars in millions) Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Residential mortgage
$ 27 0.02% $ 36 0.02%
Credit card
3,652 6.76 2,305 5.31
Home equity lines
31 0.05 15 0.04
Direct/Indirect consumer
248 0.55 208 0.55
Other consumer
275 3.99 193 2.51




Total consumer
$ 4,233 1.26% $ 2,757 0.93%









Footnote (1) Percentage amounts are calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases during the year for each loan category.

As presented in Table 9, consumer net charge-offs from on-balance sheet loans increased $1.5 billion to $4.2 billion in 2005. Of these increased amounts, $1.3 billion was related to credit card net charge-offs. Higher credit card net charge-offs were driven by an increase in bankruptcy net charge-offs of $578 million resulting from changes in bankruptcy legislation, organic portfolio growth and seasoning, increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements, the impact of the FleetBoston portfolio and new advances on accounts for which previous loan balances were sold to the securitization trusts. The increase in direct/indirect consumer charge-offs was driven primarily by the growth and seasoning of the auto loan portfolio. The increase in other consumer charge-offs was primarily driven by an increase in charge-offs for checking account overdraft balances due to deposit growth and a change in the fourth quarter of 2005 in our charge-off policy for overdraft balances from 120 days to 60 days.


Net losses for the managed credit card portfolio increased $1.3 billion to $4.1 billion, or 6.92 percent of total average managed credit card loans in 2005, compared to 5.62 percent of total average managed credit card loans in 2004. Higher managed credit card net losses were driven by an increase in bankruptcy net losses resulting from the change in bankruptcy law, continued portfolio growth and seasoning, increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements and the impact of the FleetBoston portfolio.


As presented in Table 10, nonperforming consumer assets increased $39 million from December 31, 2004 to $846 million at December 31, 2005. The increase was due to a $47 million increase in nonperforming consumer loans and leases to $785 million, representing 0.22 percent of outstanding consumer loans and leases at December 31, 2005 compared to $738 million, representing 0.23 percent of outstanding consumer loans and leases at December 31, 2004. Nonperforming residential mortgages increased $16 million primarily due to modest portfolio growth, partially offset by sales of $112 million in 2005. Nonperforming home equity lines increased $51 million due to the seasoning of the portfolio. Other consumer nonperforming loans and leases fell $24 million due to the continued liquidation of the portfolios in our previously exited consumer businesses and a decline in foreign nonperforming loans and leases. Broad-based loan growth offset the increase in nonperforming consumer loans resulting in an improvement in the nonperforming ratios.


Back to Table 9

Table 10

Nonperforming Consumer Assets


December 31

(Dollars in millions) 2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

Nonperforming consumer loans and leases
Residential mortgage
$ 570 $ 554 $ 531 $ 612 $ 556
Home equity lines
117 66 43 66 80
Direct/Indirect consumer
37 33 28 30 27
Other consumer
61 85 36 25 16















Total nonperforming consumer loans and leases(1)
785 738 638 733 679
Consumer foreclosed properties
61 69 81 99 334















Total nonperforming consumer assets(2)
$ 846 $ 807 $ 719 $ 832 $ 1,013















Nonperforming consumer loans and leases as a percentage of outstanding consumer loans and leases (Restated)
0.22% 0.23% 0.27% 0.37% 0.41%
Nonperforming consumer assets as a percentage of outstanding consumer loans, leases and foreclosed properties (Restated)
0.24 0.25 0.30 0.42 0.61
















Footnote (1) In 2005, $50 million in Interest Income was estimated to be contractually due on nonperforming consumer loans and leases classified as nonperforming at December 31, 2005 provided that these loans and leases had been paid according to their terms and conditions. Of this amount, approximately $9 million was received and included in Net Income for 2005.
Footnote (2) Balances do not include $5 million, $28 million, $16 million, $41 million, and $646 million of nonperforming consumer loans held-for-sale, included in Other Assets at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.

Table 11 presents the additions and reductions to nonperforming assets in the consumer portfolio during 2005 and 2004. Net additions to nonperforming loans and leases in 2005 were $47 million compared to $100 million in 2004.


Back to Table 10

Table 11

Nonperforming Consumer Assets Activity


(Dollars in millions) 2005

2004

Nonperforming loans and leases
Balance, January 1
$ 738 $ 638






Additions to nonperforming loans and leases:
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004
122
New nonaccrual loans and leases
1,108 1,443
Reductions in nonperforming loans and leases:
Paydowns and payoffs
(223) (363)
Sales
(112) (96)
Returns to performing status(1)
(531) (793)
Charge-offs(2)
(121) (128)
Transfers to foreclosed properties
(69) (86)
Transfers to loans held-for-sale
(5) 1






Total net additions to nonperforming loans and leases
47 100






Total nonperforming loans and leases, December 31
785 738






Foreclosed properties
Balance, January 1
69 81






Additions to foreclosed properties:
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004
5
New foreclosed properties
125 119
Reductions in foreclosed properties:
Sales
(108) (123)
Writedowns
(25) (13)






Total net reductions in foreclosed properties
(8) (12)






Total foreclosed properties, December 31
61 69






Nonperforming consumer assets, December 31
$ 846 $ 807







Footnote (1) Consumer loans are generally returned to performing status when principal or interest is less than 90 days past due.
Footnote (2) Our policy is not to classify consumer credit card and consumer non-real estate loans and leases as nonperforming; therefore, the charge-offs on these loans are not included above.

On-balance sheet consumer loans and leases 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest totaled $1.3 billion at December 31, 2005, and were up $131 million from December 31, 2004, primarily driven by a $122 million increase in credit card past due loans due to continued seasoning and growth.

Commercial Portfolio Credit Risk Management


Credit risk management for the commercial portfolio begins with an assessment of the credit risk profile of the borrower or counterparty based on an analysis of the borrower’s or counterparty’s financial position. As part of the overall credit risk assessment of a borrower or counterparty, each commercial credit exposure or transaction is assigned a risk rating and is subject to approval based on defined credit approval standards. Subsequent to loan origination, risk ratings are monitored on an ongoing basis. If necessary, risk ratings are adjusted to reflect changes in the borrower’s or counterparty’s financial condition, cash flow or financial situation. We use risk rating aggregations to measure and evaluate concentrations within portfolios. Risk ratings are a factor in determining the level of assigned economic capital and the allowance for credit losses. In making decisions regarding credit, we consider risk rating, collateral, country, industry and single name concentration limits while also balancing the total borrower or counterparty relationship and SVA.


Our lines of business and Risk Management personnel use a variety of tools to continuously monitor a borrower’s or counterparty’s ability to perform under its obligations. Additionally, we utilize syndication of exposure to other entities, loan sales and other risk mitigation techniques to manage the size and risk profile of the loan portfolio.


Table 12 presents outstanding commercial loans and leases for each year in the five-year period ending December 31, 2005.


Back to Table 11

Table 12

Outstanding Commercial Loans and Leases


December 31

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

(Dollars in millions) Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Commercial—domestic
$ 140,533 64.3% $ 122,095 62.9% $ 91,491 69.7% $ 99,151 68.3% $ 110,981 67.7%
Commercial real estate(1)
35,766 16.4 32,319 16.7 19,367 14.7 20,205 13.9 22,655 13.8
Commercial lease financing
20,705 9.5 21,115 10.9 9,692 7.4 10,386 7.2 11,404 7.0
Commercial—foreign
21,330 9.8 18,401 9.5 10,754 8.2 15,428 10.6 18,858 11.5




















Total commercial loans and leases
$ 218,334 100.0% $ 193,930 100.0% $ 131,304 100.0% $ 145,170 100.0% $ 163,898 100.0%





















Footnote (1) Includes domestic commercial real estate loans of $35,181 million, $31,879 million, $19,043 million, $19,910 million, and $22,272 million at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively; and foreign commercial real estate loans of $585 million, $440 million, $324 million, $295 million, and $383 million at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.

Concentrations of Commercial Credit Risk


Portfolio credit risk is evaluated and managed with a goal that concentrations of credit exposure do not result in undesirable levels of risk. We review, measure, and manage concentrations of credit exposure by industry, product, geography and customer relationship. Distribution of loans and leases by loan size is an additional measure of the portfolio risk diversification. We also review, measure, and manage commercial real estate loans by geographic location and property type. In addition, within our international portfolio, we evaluate borrowings by region and by country. Tables 13 through 19 summarize these concentrations.


From the perspective of portfolio risk management, customer concentration management is most relevant in Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking. Within that portfolio, concentrations are actively managed through the underwriting and ongoing monitoring processes, the established strategy of “originate to distribute”, and partly through the purchase of credit protection through credit derivatives. We utilize various risk mitigation tools to economically hedge our risk to certain credit counterparties. Credit derivatives are financial instruments that we purchase for protection against the deterioration of credit quality. Earnings volatility increases due to accounting asymmetry as we mark to market the CDS, as required by SFAS 133, while the loans are recorded at historical cost less an allowance for credit losses or, if held-for-sale, at the lower of cost or market.


At December 31, 2005 and 2004, we had a net notional amount of credit default protection purchased in our credit derivatives portfolio of $14.7 billion and $10.8 billion. Our credit portfolio hedges, including the impact of mark-to-market, resulted in net gains of $49 million in 2005 and net losses of $144 million in 2004. Gains for 2005 primarily reflected the impact of spread widening in certain industries in the first half of the year.


Table 13 shows commercial utilized credit exposure by industry based on Standard & Poor’s industry classifications and includes commercial loans and leases, SBLCs and financial guarantees, derivative assets, assets held-for-sale, and commercial letters of credit. These amounts exclude the impact of our credit hedging activities, which are separately included in the table. To lessen the cost of obtaining our desired credit protection levels, credit exposure may be added within an industry, borrower or counterparty group by selling protection. A negative notional amount indicates a net amount of protection purchased in a particular industry; conversely, a positive notional amount indicates a net amount of protection sold in a particular industry. Credit protection is purchased to cover the funded portion as well as the unfunded portion of credit exposure. As shown in the table below, commercial utilized credit exposure is diversified across a range of industries.


Back to Table 12

Table 13

Commercial Utilized Credit Exposure and Net Credit Default Protection by Industry


Commercial Utilized Credit Exposure(1)

Net Credit Default Protection(2)

December 31

December 31

(Dollars in millions)         2005        

        2004        

        2005        

        2004        

Real estate(3)
$ 41,665 $ 36,672 $ (788) $ (268)
Banks
26,514 25,265 31 61
Diversified financials
25,859 25,932 (543) (1,177)
Retailing
23,913 23,149 (1,124) (829)
Education and government
22,331 17,429
Individuals and trusts
17,237 16,110 (30)
Materials
16,477 14,123 (1,149) (469)
Consumer durables and apparel
14,988 13,427 (772) (406)
Capital goods
13,640 12,633 (751) (819)
Commercial services and supplies
13,605 11,944 (472) (175)
Transportation
13,449 13,234 (392) (143)
Healthcare equipment and services
13,294 12,196 (709) (354)
Leisure and sports, hotels and restaurants
13,005 13,331 (874) (357)
Food, beverage and tobacco
11,578 11,687 (621) (226)
Energy
9,992 7,579 (559) (457)
Media
6,608 6,232 (1,790) (801)
Religious and social organizations
6,340 5,710
Utilities
4,858 5,615 (899) (402)
Insurance
4,692 5,851 (1,453) (643)
Food and staples retailing
3,802 3,610 (334) (258)
Technology hardware and equipment
3,737 3,398 (563) (301)
Telecommunication services
3,461 3,030 (1,205) (808)
Software and services
2,668 3,292 (299) (131)
Automobiles and components
1,681 1,894 (679) (1,431)
Pharmaceuticals and biotechnology
1,647 1,441 (470) (202)
Household and personal products
379 371 75 8
Other
2,587 3,132   1,677 (4)   (260) (4)










Total
$ 320,007 $ 298,287 $ (14,693) $ (10,848)











Footnote (1) Derivative assets are reported on a mark-to-market basis and have not been reduced by the amount of collateral applied. Derivative asset collateral totaled $17.1 billion and $17.7 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004.
Footnote (2) Represents notional amounts at December 31, 2005 and 2004.
Footnote (3) Industries are viewed from a variety of perspectives to best isolate the perceived risks. For purposes of this table, the real estate industry is defined based upon the borrowers’ or counterparties’ primary business activity using operating cash flow and primary source of repayment as key factors.
Footnote (4) Represents net CDS index positions, which were principally investment grade. Indices are comprised of corporate credit derivatives that trade as an aggregate index value. Generally, they are grouped into portfolios based on specific ratings of credit quality or global geographic location. As of December 31, 2005, CDS index positions were sold to reflect a short-term positive view of the credit markets.


Table 14 shows the maturity profile of the net credit default protection portfolio at December 31, 2005 and 2004.


Back to Table 13

Table 14

Net Credit Default Protection by Maturity Profile


December 31

2005

2004

Less than or equal to one year
—  % 3%
Greater than one year and less than or equal to five years
65 87
Greater than five years
35 10




Total
100% 100%





Back to Table 14

Table 15 shows our net credit default protection portfolio by credit exposure debt rating at December 31, 2005 and 2004.



Table 15

Net Credit Default Protection by Credit Exposure Debt Rating


(Dollars in millions) December 31

2005

2004

Ratings
Net Notional

Percent

Net Notional

Percent

AAA
$ 22 0.2% $ 89 0.8%
AA
523 3.6 340 3.1
A
4,861 33.1 2,884 26.6
BBB
8,572 58.2 5,777 53.3
BB
1,792 12.2 1,233 11.4
B
424 2.9 250 2.3
CCC and below
149 1.0 15 0.1
NR(1)
(1,650) (11.2) 260 2.4









Total
$ 14,693 100.0% $ 10,848 100.0%










Footnote (1) In addition to unrated names, “NR” includes $1,677 million in net CDS index positions. While index positions are principally investment grade, CDS indices include names in and across each of the ratings categories.

Back to Table 15

Table 16 presents outstanding commercial real estate loans and the geographic region and property type diversification. The amounts outstanding exclude commercial loans and leases secured by owner-occupied real estate. Commercial loans and leases secured by owner-occupied real estate are made on the general creditworthiness of the borrower where real estate is obtained as additional security and the ultimate repayment of the credit is not dependent on the sale, lease and rental, or refinancing of the real estate. For purposes of this table, commercial real estate reflects loans dependent on the sale, lease and rental, or refinancing of the real estate as the primary source of repayment.



Table 16

Outstanding Commercial Real Estate Loans


December 31

(Dollars in millions) 2005

2004

By Geographic Region(1)
California
$ 7,615 $ 6,293
Northeast
6,337 6,700
Florida
4,507 3,562
Southeast
4,370 3,448
Southwest
3,658 3,265
Midwest
2,595 1,860
Northwest
2,048 2,038
Midsouth
1,485 1,379
Other
873 1,184
Geographically diversified(2)
1,693 2,150
Non-U.S.
585 440




Total
$ 35,766 $ 32,319




By Property Type
Residential
$ 7,601 $ 5,992
Office buildings
4,984 5,434
Apartments
4,461 4,940
Shopping centers/retail
4,165 4,490
Land and land development
3,715 2,388
Industrial/warehouse
3,031 2,263
Multiple use
996 744
Hotels/motels
790 909
Resorts
183 252
Other(3)
5,840 4,907




Total
$ 35,766 $ 32,319





Footnote (1) Distribution is based on geographic location of collateral. Geographic regions are in the U.S. unless otherwise noted.
Footnote (2) The geographically diversified category is comprised primarily of unsecured outstandings to real estate investment trusts and national homebuilders whose portfolios of properties span multiple geographic regions.
Footnote (3) Represents loans to borrowers whose primary business is commercial real estate, but the exposure is not secured by the listed property types.

Foreign Portfolio


Back to Table 16

Table 17 sets forth total foreign exposure broken out by region at December 31, 2005 and 2004. Total foreign exposure is defined to include credit exposure, net of local liabilities, plus securities and other investments for all exposure with a country of risk other than the United States.



Table 17

Regional Foreign Exposure(1)


December 31

(Dollars in millions) 2005

2004

Europe
$ 61,953 $ 62,428
Asia Pacific(2)
14,113 10,736
Latin America(3)
10,651 10,948
Middle East
616 527
Africa
110 238
Other(4)
4,778 5,327




Total
$ 92,221 $ 90,204





Footnote (1) Reflects the subtraction of local funding or liabilities from local exposures as allowed by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC).
Footnote (2) Includes Australia and New Zealand.
Footnote (3) Includes Bermuda and Cayman Islands.
Footnote (4) Other includes Canada and supranational entities.

Our total foreign exposure was $92.2 billion at December 31, 2005, an increase of $2.0 billion from December 31, 2004. Our foreign exposure was concentrated in Europe, which accounted for $62.0 billion, or 67 percent, of total foreign exposure. The European exposure was mostly in Western Europe and was distributed across a variety of industries with the largest concentration in the banking sector that accounted for 47 percent of the total exposure in Europe. At December 31, 2005, the United Kingdom and Germany were the only countries whose total cross-border outstandings exceeded 0.75 percent of our total assets.


Our second largest foreign exposure of $14.1 billion, or 15 percent, was in Asia Pacific as growth in the total foreign exposure during 2005 was concentrated in that region. Our $3.0 billion equity investment in CCB was the most significant driver of the growth. Latin America accounted for $10.7 billion, or 12 percent, of total foreign exposure. The decline in exposure in Latin America during 2005 was primarily due to the sales of branch assets in Peru, Colombia and Panama as well as the reduction of exposure in Argentina, partially offset by an increase in Mexico. For more information on our Asia Pacific and Latin America exposure, see Table 19.


As shown in Table 18, at December 31, 2005 and 2004, the United Kingdom had total cross-border exposure of $22.9 billion and $11.9 billion, representing 1.78 percent and 1.07 percent of total assets. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, Germany had total cross-border exposure of $12.5 billion and $12.0 billion, representing 0.97 percent and 1.08 percent of total assets. At December 31, 2005, the largest concentration of the exposure to these countries was in the private sector.


Back to Table 17

Table 18

Total Cross-border Exposure Exceeding One Percent of Total Assets(1) (2)


(Dollars in millions) December 31

Public
Sector


Banks

Private
Sector


Cross-
border
Exposure


Exposure
as a Percentage
of Total Assets
(Restated)

United Kingdom
2005 $ 298 $ 8,915 $ 13,727 $ 22,940 1.78%
2004 74 3,239 8,606 11,919 1.07
2003 143 3,426 6,552 10,121 1.41
Germany
2005 $ 285 $ 5,751 $ 6,484 $ 12,520 0.97%
2004 659 6,251 5,081 11,991 1.08
2003 441 3,436 2,978 6,855 0.95

Footnote (1) Exposure includes cross-border claims by our foreign offices as follows: loans, accrued interest receivable, acceptances, time deposits placed, trading account assets, securities, derivative assets, other interest-earning investments and other monetary assets. Amounts also include unused commitments, SBLCs, commercial letters of credit and formal guarantees. Sector definitions are based on the FFIEC instructions for preparing the Country Exposure Report.
Footnote (2) The total cross-border exposure for the United Kingdom and Germany at December 31, 2005 includes derivatives exposure of $2.3 billion and $3.4 billion, against which we hold collateral totaling $1.9 billion and $2.6 billion.

As shown in Table 19, at December 31, 2005, foreign exposure to borrowers or counterparties in emerging markets increased by $1.6 billion to $17.2 billion compared to $15.6 billion at December 31, 2004, and represented 19 percent and 17 percent of total foreign exposure at December 31, 2005 and 2004.


At December 31, 2005, 51 percent of the emerging markets exposure was in Asia Pacific, compared to 40 percent at December 31, 2004. Asia Pacific emerging markets exposure increased by $2.4 billion due to our $3.0 billion equity investment in CCB partially offset by declines in other countries.


At December 31, 2005, 48 percent of the emerging markets exposure was in Latin America compared to 58 percent at December 31, 2004. Driving the decrease in Latin America were mostly lower exposures in Other Latin America and Argentina, partially offset by an increase in Mexico. Lower exposures in Other Latin America were attributable to the sales of branch assets in Peru, Colombia and Panama, as well as lower securities trading exposure in Venezuela. The reduction in Argentina was mostly in cross-border exposure. Our 24.9 percent investment in Grupo Financiero Santander Serfin accounted for $2.1 billion and $1.9 billion of reported exposure in Mexico at December 31, 2005 and 2004.


Our largest exposure in Latin America was in Brazil. Our exposure in Brazil at December 31, 2005 and 2004 included $1.2 billion and $1.6 billion of traditional cross-border credit exposure (Loans and Leases, letters of credit, etc.), and $2.2 billion and $1.8 billion of local country exposure net of local liabilities.


We had risk mitigation instruments associated with certain exposures in Brazil, including structured trade related transfer risk mitigation of $830 million and $950 million, third party funding of $313 million and $286 million, and linked certificates of deposit of $59 million and $125 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004. The resulting total foreign exposure net of risk mitigation for Brazil was $2.3 billion and $2.2 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004.


On October 13, 2005, we announced an agreement to sell our asset management business in Mexico with $1.8 billion of assets under management to an entity in which we have a 24.9 percent investment. The sale will be completed in 2006.


In December 2005, we entered into a definitive agreement with a consortium led by Johannesburg-based Standard Bank Group Ltd for the sale of BankBoston Argentina assets and the assumption of liabilities. The transaction is subject to obtaining all necessary regulatory approvals.


Table 19 sets forth regional foreign exposure to selected countries defined as emerging markets.


Back to Table 18

Table 19

Selected Emerging Markets(1)


(Dollars in millions) Loans and
Leases, and
Loan
Commitments

Other
Financing(2)

Derivative
Assets(3)

Securities/
Other
Investments(4)

Total
Cross-
border
Exposure(5)

Local
Country
Exposure
Net of
Local
Liabilities(6)

Total
Foreign
Exposure
December 31,
2005


Increase/
(Decrease)
from
December 31,
2004

Region/Country
Asia Pacific
China(7)
$ 172 $ 91 $ 110 $ 3,031 $ 3,404 $ $ 3,404 $ 3,296
India
547 176 341 482 1,546 45 1,591 99
South Korea
267 474 52 305 1,098 57 1,155 (228)
Taiwan
266 77 84 48 475 448 923 (404)
Hong Kong
216 76 99 216 607 607 (512)
Singapore
209 7 45 209 470 470 130
Other Asia Pacific(8)
46 88 43 248 425 170 595 49

















Total Asia Pacific
1,723 989 774 4,539 8,025 720 8,745 2,430

















Latin America
Brazil
1,008 187 44 1,239 2,232 3,471 (79)
Mexico
821 176 58 2,271 3,326 3,326 460
Chile
236 19 8 263 717 980 (200)
Argentina
68 24 102 194 194 (197)
Other Latin America(8)
126 134 7 84 351 8 359 (716)

















Total Latin America
2,259 540 65 2,509 5,373 2,957 8,330 (732)

















Central and Eastern Europe(8)
26 42 9 65 142 142 (99)

















Total
$ 4,008 $ 1,571 $ 848 $ 7,113 $ 13,540 $ 3,677 $ 17,217 $ 1,599


















Footnote (1) There is no generally accepted definition of emerging markets. The definition that we use includes all countries in Latin America excluding Cayman Islands and Bermuda; all countries in Asia Pacific excluding Japan, Australia and New Zealand; and all countries in Central and Eastern Europe excluding Greece.
Footnote (2) Includes acceptances, SBLCs, commercial letters of credit and formal guarantees.
Footnote (3) Derivative assets are reported on a mark-to-market basis and have not been reduced by the amount of collateral applied. Derivative asset collateral totaled $58 million and $361 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004.
Footnote (4) Generally, cross-border resale agreements are presented based on the domicile of the counterparty because the counterparty has the legal obligation for repayment except where the underlying securities are U.S. Treasuries, in which case the domicile is the U.S., and therefore, excluded from this presentation. For regulatory reporting under FFIEC guidelines, cross-border resale agreements are presented based on the domicile of the issuer of the securities that are held as collateral.
Footnote (5) Cross-border exposure includes amounts payable to us by borrowers or counterparties with a country of residence other than the one in which the credit is booked, regardless of the currency in which the claim is denominated, consistent with FFIEC reporting rules.
Footnote (6) Local country exposure includes amounts payable to us by borrowers with a country of residence in which the credit is booked, regardless of the currency in which the claim is denominated. Management subtracts local funding or liabilities from local exposures as allowed by the FFIEC. Total amount of available local liabilities funding local country exposure at December 31, 2005 was $24.2 billion compared to $17.2 billion at December 31, 2004. Local liabilities at December 31, 2005 in Asia Pacific and Latin America were $13.6 billion and $10.6 billion of which $8.4 billion were in Hong Kong, $5.3 billion in Brazil, $3.1 billion in Singapore, $1.7 billion in Argentina, $1.6 billion in Chile, $1.2 billion in Mexico, $782 million in India and $718 million in Uruguay. There were no other countries with available local liabilities funding local country exposure greater than $500 million.
Footnote (7) Securities/Other Investments includes equity investment of $3.0 billion in CCB.
Footnote (8) Other Asia Pacific, Other Latin America, and Central and Eastern Europe include countries each with total foreign exposure of less than $300 million.

Commercial Portfolio Credit Quality Performance


Overall commercial credit quality continued to improve in 2005; however, the rate of improvement slowed in the second half of the year.


Back to Table 19

Table 20 presents commercial net charge-offs and net charge-off ratios for 2005 and 2004.



Table 20

Commercial Net Charge-offs and Net Charge-off Ratios(1)


2005

2004

(Dollars in millions) Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Commercial—domestic
$ 170 0.13% $ 177 0.15%
Commercial real estate
—   (3) (0.01)
Commercial lease financing
231 1.13 9 0.05
Commercial—foreign
(72) (0.39) 173 1.05






Total commercial
$ 329 0.16% $ 356 0.20%











Footnote (1) Percentage amounts are calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases during the year for each loan category.

Commercial net charge-offs were $329 million for 2005 compared to $356 million for 2004. Commercial lease financing net charge-offs increased $222 million in 2005 compared to 2004 primarily due to the domestic airline industry. Commercial—foreign net recoveries were $72 million in 2005 compared to net charge-offs of $173 million in 2004. Recoveries were centered in Bermuda, Latin America, India and the United Kingdom. Commercial—foreign net charge-offs of $173 million in 2004 were primarily related to one borrower in the food products industry.


As presented in Table 21, commercial criticized credit exposure decreased $2.7 billion, or 27 percent, to $7.5 billion at December 31, 2005. The net decrease was driven by $9.9 billion of paydowns, payoffs, credit quality improvements, charge-offs principally related to the domestic airline industry, and loan sales. Reductions were distributed across many industries of which the largest were airlines, utilities and media. These decreases were partially offset by $7.2 billion of newly criticized exposure. Global Business and Financial Services accounted for 54 percent, or $1.5 billion, of the decrease in commercial criticized exposure centered in Commercial Aviation, Latin America and Middle Market Banking, which comprised 20 percent, 15 percent and 9 percent of the total decrease. Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking accounted for 33 percent, or $896 million, of the decrease in criticized exposure.


Back to Table 20

Table 21

Commercial Criticized Exposure(1)


December 31

2005

2004

(Dollars in millions) Amount

Percent(2)

Amount

Percent(2)

Commercial—domestic
$ 5,259 2.62% $ 6,340 3.38%
Commercial real estate
723 1.63 1,028 2.54
Commercial lease financing
611 2.95 1,347 6.38
Commercial—foreign
934 1.73 1,534 3.12




Total commercial criticized exposure
$ 7,527 2.35% $ 10,249 3.44%









Footnote (1) Criticized exposure corresponds to the Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful asset categories defined by regulatory authorities. Exposure amounts include loans and leases, SBLCs and financial guarantees, derivative assets, assets held-for-sale and commercial letters of credit.
Footnote (2) Commercial criticized exposure is taken as a percentage of total commercial utilized exposure.

We routinely review the loan and lease portfolio to determine if any credit exposure should be placed on nonperforming status. An asset is placed on nonperforming status when it is determined that full collection of principal and/or interest in accordance with its contractual terms is not probable. As presented in Table 22, nonperforming commercial assets decreased $891 million to $757 million at December 31, 2005 due primarily to the $749 million decrease in nonperforming commercial loans and leases.


The decrease in total nonperforming commercial loans and leases primarily resulted from paydowns and payoffs of $686 million, gross charge-offs of $669 million, returns to performing status of $152 million and loan sales of $108 million. These decreases were partially offset by new nonaccrual loans of $929 million.


Nonperforming commercial—domestic loans and leases decreased by $274 million and represented 0.41 percent of commercial—domestic loans and leases at December 31, 2005 compared to 0.70 percent at December 31, 2004. The improvement in the percentage of nonperforming commercial—domestic to total commercial—domestic was driven by a broad-based decrease in nonperforming loans and leases across several industries, the largest of which were utilities, and metals and mining. Nonperforming commercial lease financing decreased $204 million primarily due to the previously mentioned charge-offs associated with the domestic airline industry, and represented 0.30 percent of commercial lease financing at December 31, 2005 compared to 1.26 percent at December 31, 2004. Nonperforming commercial—foreign decreased $233 million and represented 0.16 percent of commercial—foreign at December 31, 2005 compared to 1.45 percent at December 31, 2004. The improvement in the percentage of nonperforming commercial—foreign to total commercial—foreign was attributable to Latin America.


The $140 million decrease in nonperforming securities from December 31, 2004 was primarily driven by an exchange of nonperforming securities for performing securities in Argentina that resulted from the completion of a government mandated securities exchange program.


Back to Table 21

Table 22 presents nonperforming commercial assets for each year in the five-year period ending December 31, 2005.



Table 22

Nonperforming Commercial Assets


December 31

(Dollars in millions) 2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

Nonperforming commercial loans and leases
Commercial—domestic
$ 581 $ 855 $ 1,388 $ 2,621 $ 2,991
Commercial real estate
49 87 142 164 243
Commercial lease financing
62 266 127 160 134
Commercial—foreign
34 267 578 1,359 459















Total nonperforming commercial loans and leases(1)
726 1,475 2,235 4,304 3,827
Nonperforming securities(2)
140
Commercial foreclosed properties
31 33 67 126 68















Total nonperforming commercial assets(3)
$ 757 $ 1,648 $ 2,302 $ 4,430 $ 3,895















Nonperforming commercial loans and leases as a percentage of outstanding commercial loans and leases
0.33% 0.76% 1.70% 2.96% 2.33%
Nonperforming commercial assets as a percentage of outstanding commercial loans, leases and foreclosed properties
0.35 0.85 1.75 3.05 2.38
















Footnote (1) In 2005, $51 million in Interest Income was estimated to be contractually due on nonperforming commercial loans and leases classified as nonperforming at December 31, 2005, including troubled debt restructured loans of which $31 million were performing at December 31, 2005 and not included in the table above. Approximately $15 million of the estimated $51 million in contractual interest was received and included in net income for 2005.
Footnote (2) Primarily related to international securities held in the AFS portfolio.
Footnote (3) Balances do not include $45 million, $123 million, $186 million, $73 million, and $289 million of nonperforming commercial assets, primarily commercial loans held-for-sale, included in Other Assets at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.

Back to Table 22

Table 23 presents the additions and reductions to nonperforming assets in the commercial portfolio during 2005 and 2004.



Table 23

Nonperforming Commercial Assets Activity


(Dollars in millions) 2005

2004

Nonperforming loans and leases
Balance, January 1
$ 1,475 $ 2,235






Additions to nonperforming loans and leases:
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004
948
New nonaccrual loans and leases
892 1,272
Advances
37 82
Reductions in nonperforming loans and leases:
Paydowns and payoffs
(686) (1,392)
Sales
(108) (515)
Returns to performing status(1)
(152) (348)
Charge-offs(2)
(669) (640)
Transfers to loans held-for-sale
(44) (145)
Transfers to foreclosed properties
(19) (22)






Total net reductions in nonperforming loans and leases
(749) (760)






Total nonperforming loans and leases, December 31
726 1,475






Nonperforming securities
Balance, January 1
140






Additions to nonperforming securities:
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004
135
New nonaccrual securities
15 56
Reductions in nonperforming securities:
Paydowns, payoffs, and exchanges
(144) (39)
Sales
(11) (12)






Total net additions to (reductions in) nonperforming securities
(140) 140






Total nonperforming securities, December 31
140






Foreclosed properties
Balance, January 1
33 67






Additions to foreclosed properties:
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004
9
New foreclosed properties
32 44
Reductions in foreclosed properties:
Sales
(24) (74)
Writedowns
(8) (13)
Charge-offs
(2)






Total net reductions in foreclosed properties
(2) (34)






Total foreclosed properties, December 31
31 33






Nonperforming commercial assets, December 31
$ 757 $ 1,648







Footnote (1) Commercial loans and leases may be restored to performing status when all principal and interest is current and full repayment of the remaining contractual principal and interest is expected, or when the loan otherwise becomes well secured and is in the process of collection.
Footnote (2) Certain loan and lease products, including commercial credit card, are not classified as nonperforming; therefore, the charge-offs on these loans are not included above.

At December 31, 2005, Other Assets included commercial loans held-for-sale of $7.3 billion, of which $45 million was nonperforming, and leveraged lease partnership interests of $183 million. At December 31, 2005, there were no nonperforming leveraged lease partnership interests. At December 31, 2004, Other Assets included $1.3 billion and $198 million of commercial loans held-for-sale and leveraged lease partnership interests, of which, $100 million and $23 million were nonperforming.


Commercial loans and leases 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest, were $168 million at December 31, 2005, an increase of $30 million compared to December 31, 2004. The increase was driven by commercial —foreign loans in the U.K. See Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on past due commercial loans and leases.

Provision for Credit Losses


The Provision for Credit Losses was $4.0 billion, a 45 percent increase over 2004.


The consumer portion of the Provision for Credit Losses increased $992 million to $4.4 billion in 2005, primarily driven by consumer net charge-offs of $4.2 billion. Credit card net charge-offs increased $1.3 billion from 2004 to $3.7 billion with an estimated $578 million related to the increase in bankruptcy filings as customers rushed to file ahead of the new law. Also contributing to the increase in credit card net charge-offs were organic growth and seasoning of the portfolio, increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements, the impact of the FleetBoston portfolio and the impact of new advances on accounts for which previous loan balances were sold to the securitization trusts. We estimate that approximately 70 percent of the bankruptcy-related charge-offs represent acceleration of charge-offs from 2006. Excluding bankruptcy-related charge-offs representing acceleration from 2006 and charge-offs associated with the 2004 changes in credit card minimum payment requirements that were provided for in late 2004, the increased credit card net charge-offs were the primary driver of higher Provision for Credit Losses. In addition, the Provision for Credit Losses was impacted by new advances on accounts for which previous loan balances were sold to the securitization trusts, and the establishment of reserves in 2005 for additional changes made in late 2005 in credit card minimum payment requirements. The establishment of a $50 million reserve associated with Hurricane Katrina for estimated losses on residential mortgage, home equity and indirect automobile products also contributed to the provision increase.


The commercial portion of the Provision for Credit Losses increased $161 million to negative $370 million. The negative provision in 2005 reflects continued improvement in commercial credit quality, although at a slower pace than experienced in 2004. An improved risk profile in Latin America and reduced uncertainties resulting from the completion of credit-related integration activities for FleetBoston also drove the negative provision.


The Provision for Credit Losses related to unfunded lending commitments increased $92 million to negative $7 million as the rate of improvement in commercial credit quality slowed.

Allowance for Credit Losses

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses


The Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses is allocated based on two components. We evaluate the adequacy of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses based on the combined total of these two components.


The first component of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses covers those commercial loans that are either nonperforming or impaired. An allowance is allocated when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) are lower than the carrying value of that loan. For purposes of computing the specific loss component of the allowance, larger impaired loans are evaluated individually and smaller impaired loans are evaluated as a pool using historical loss experience for the respective product type and risk rating of the loans.


The second component of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses covers performing commercial loans and leases, and consumer loans. The allowance for commercial loan and lease losses is established by product type after analyzing historical loss experience by internal risk rating, current economic conditions, industry performance trends, geographic or obligor concentrations within each portfolio segment, and any other pertinent information. The commercial historical loss experience is updated quarterly to incorporate the most recent data reflective of the current economic environment. As of December 31, 2005, quarterly updating of historical loss experience did not have a material impact to the allowance for commercial loan and lease losses. The allowance for consumer loan and lease losses is based on aggregated portfolio segment evaluations, generally by product type. Loss forecast models are utilized for consumer products that consider a variety of factors including, but not limited to, historical loss experience, estimated defaults or foreclosures based on portfolio trends, delinquencies, economic trends and credit scores. These consumer loss forecast models are updated on a quarterly basis in order to incorporate information reflective of the current economic environment. As of December 31, 2005, quarterly updating of the loss forecast models to reflect estimated bankruptcy-related net charge-offs accelerated from 2006 resulted in a decrease in the allowance for consumer loan and lease losses.


Included within the second component of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses are previously unallocated reserves maintained to cover uncertainties that affect our estimate of probable losses including the imprecision inherent in the forecasting methodologies, domestic and global economic uncertainty, large single name defaults and event risk. In the fourth quarter of 2005, we assigned these reserves to our individual products to better reflect our view of risk in these portfolios.


We monitor differences between estimated and actual incurred loan and lease losses. This monitoring process includes periodic assessments by senior management of loan and lease portfolios and the models used to estimate incurred losses in those portfolios.


Additions to the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses are made by charges to the Provision for Credit Losses. Credit exposures deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses. Recoveries of previously charged off amounts are credited to the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.


The Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses for the consumer portfolio as presented in Table 25 increased $137 million from December 31, 2004 to $4.5 billion at December 31, 2005. Credit card accounted for $153 million of this increase and was primarily driven by new advances on accounts for which previous loan balances were sold to the securitization trusts, organic growth and continued seasoning which resulted in higher loss expectations. These increases were mostly offset by the use of reserves to absorb the estimated bankruptcy net charge-off acceleration from 2006. Increases in the allowance for non-credit card consumer products were driven by broad-based loan growth and seasoning, with the exception of the other consumer product category which decreased as a result of the run-off portfolios from our previously exited consumer businesses.


The allowance for commercial loan and lease losses was $3.5 billion at December 31, 2005, a $718 million decrease from December 31, 2004. This decrease resulted from continued improvement in commercial credit quality, including reduced exposure and an improved risk profile in Latin America, the use of reserves to absorb a portion of domestic airline charge-offs and a reduction of reserves due to reduced uncertainties resulting from the completion of credit-related integration activities for FleetBoston during 2005.

Reserve for Unfunded Lending Commitments


In addition to the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, we also estimate probable losses related to unfunded lending commitments, such as letters of credit and financial guarantees, and binding unfunded loan commitments. Unfunded lending commitments are subject to individual reviews, and are analyzed and segregated by risk according to our internal risk rating scale. These risk classifications, in conjunction with an analysis of historical loss experience, current economic conditions and performance trends within specific portfolio segments, and any other pertinent information result in the estimation of the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments is included in Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.


We monitor differences between estimated and actual incurred credit losses upon draws of the commitments. This monitoring process includes periodic assessments by senior management of credit portfolios and the models used to estimate incurred losses in those portfolios.


Changes to the reserve for unfunded lending commitments are made through the Provision for Credit Losses. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments at December 31, 2005 was $395 million, a decrease of $7 million from December 31, 2004.


Table 24 presents a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses for five years ending December 31, 2005.


Back to Table 23

Table 24

Allowance for Credit Losses


(Dollars in millions) 2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

Allowance for loan and lease losses, January 1
$ 8,626 $ 6,163 $ 6,358 $ 6,278 $ 6,365















FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004
2,763
Loans and leases charged off
Residential mortgage
(58) (62) (64) (56) (39)
Credit card
(4,018) (2,536) (1,657) (1,210) (753)
Home equity lines
(46) (38) (38) (40) (32)
Direct/Indirect consumer
(380) (344) (322) (355) (389)
Other consumer(1)
(376) (295) (343) (395) (1,216)















Total consumer
(4,878) (3,275) (2,424) (2,056) (2,429)















Commercial—domestic
(535) (504) (857) (1,625) (2,021)
Commercial real estate
(5) (12) (46) (45) (46)
Commercial lease financing
(315) (39) (132) (168) (99)
Commercial—foreign
(61) (262) (408) (566) (249)















Total commercial
(916) (817) (1,443) (2,404) (2,415)















Total loans and leases charged off
(5,794) (4,092) (3,867) (4,460) (4,844)















Recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off
Residential mortgage
31 26 24 14 13
Credit card
366 231 143 116 81
Home equity lines
15 23 26 14 13
Direct/Indirect consumer
132 136 141 145 139
Other consumer
101 102 88 99 135















Total consumer
645 518 422 388 381















Commercial—domestic
365 327 224 314 167
Commercial real estate
5 15 5 7 7
Commercial lease financing
84 30 8 9 4
Commercial—foreign
133 89 102 45 41















Total commercial
587 461 339 375 219















Total recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off
1,232 979 761 763 600















Net charge-offs
(4,562) (3,113) (3,106) (3,697) (4,244)















Provision for loan and lease losses(2)
4,021 2,868 2,916 3,801 4,163
Transfers
(40) (55) (5) (24) (6)















Allowance for loan and lease losses, December 31
8,045 8,626 6,163 6,358 6,278















Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, January 1
402 416 493 597 473
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004
85
Provision for unfunded lending commitments
(7) (99) (77) (104) 124















Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, December 31
395 402 416 493 597















Total
$ 8,440 $ 9,028 $ 6,579 $ 6,851 $ 6,875















Loans and leases outstanding at December 31 (Restated)
$ 573,791 $ 521,813 $ 371,433 $ 342,890 $ 329,153
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of loans and leases outstanding at December 31 (Restated)
1.40% 1.65% 1.66% 1.85% 1.91%
Consumer allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of consumer loans and leases outstanding at December 31 (Restated) (3)
1.27 1.34 1.25 0.95 1.12
Commercial allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of commercial loans and leases outstanding at December 31(3)
1.62 2.19 2.40 2.43 2.16
Average loans and leases outstanding during the year (Restated)
$ 537,218 $ 472,617 $ 356,220 $ 336,820 $ 365,447
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding during the year (Restated)
0.85% 0.66% 0.87% 1.10% 1.16%
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans and leases at December 31
532 390 215 126 139
Ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses at December 31 to net charge-offs
1.76 2.77 1.98 1.72 1.48
















Footnote (1) Includes $635 million related to the exit of the subprime real estate lending business in 2001.
Footnote (2) Includes $395 million related to the exit of the subprime real estate lending business in 2001.
Footnote (3) The 2004 and 2003 data presented in the table have been reclassified to reflect the assignment of general reserves to individual products.

For reporting purposes, we allocate the allowance for credit losses across products. However, the allowance is available to absorb any credit losses without restriction. Table 25 presents our allocation by product type.


Back to Table 24

Table 25

Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses by Product Type


December 31

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

(Dollars in millions) Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Allowance for loan and lease losses
Residential mortgage
$ 277 3.4% $ 240 2.8% $ 185 3.0% $ 108 1.7% $ 145 2.3%
Credit card
3,301 41.0 3,148 36.5 1,947 31.6 1,031 16.2 821 13.1
Home equity lines
136 1.7 115 1.3 72 1.2 49 0.8 83 1.3
Direct/Indirect consumer
421 5.2 375 4.3 347 5.6 361 5.7 367 5.8
Other consumer
380 4.8 500 5.9 456 7.4 332 5.2 443 7.1




















Total consumer
4,515 56.1 4,378 50.8 3,007 48.8 1,881 29.6 1,859 29.6




















Commercial—domestic
2,100 26.1 2,101 24.3 1,756 28.5 2,231 35.1 1,901 30.3
Commercial real estate
609 7.6 644 7.5 484 7.9 439 6.9 905 14.4
Commercial lease financing
232 2.9 442 5.1 235 3.8 n/a n/a n/a n/a
Commercial—foreign
589 7.3 1,061 12.3 681 11.0 855 13.4 730 11.6




















Total commercial(1)
3,530 43.9 4,248 49.2 3,156 51.2 3,525 55.4 3,536 56.3




















General(2)
—   —   —   952 15.0 883 14.1




















Allowance for loan and lease losses
8,045 100.0% 8,626 100.0% 6,163 100.0% 6,358 100.0% 6,278 100.0%




















Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
395 402 416 493 597










Total
$ 8,440 $ 9,028 $ 6,579 $ 6,851 $ 6,875











Footnote (1) Includes allowance for loan and lease losses of commercial impaired loans of $55 million, $202 million, $391 million, $919 million, and $763 million at December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.
Footnote (2) At December 31, 2005, general reserves were assigned to individual product types to better reflect our view of risk in these portfolios. The 2004 and 2003 data presented in the table have been reclassified to reflect the assignment of general reserves. Information was not available to assign general reserves by product types prior to 2003.

n/a = Not available; included in commercial—domestic at December 31, 2002 and 2001.



Back to top